Synopsis

Global Connectivity Predicts Reactivity

Physics 16, s123
The reactivity of a material is describable using only the arrangement of its atoms, a finding that could be used to speed up the search for new catalytic materials.
E. Miu/University of Pittsburgh

If you could quickly predict the reactivity of a material in different scenarios using only its atomic-level geometry, you’d hold the golden ticket to finding application-specific catalytic materials. Some methods exist for making these predictions, but they require detailed knowledge about the arrangement of the atoms and are computationally expensive to perform and thus slow to run. Now Evan Miu and his colleagues at the University of Pittsburgh have developed a method that requires only information about the connectivity of the atoms, is computationally cheap, and is quick to run [1]. Their method accurately predicts how metal oxides interact with hydrogen in a reaction important to energy storage and catalysis.

Miu and the team hypothesized that they could predict a material’s reactivity using a single number that describes the so-called global connectivity of the system’s atoms. A material with a high global connectivity contains atoms that are, on average, bonded to more of their neighbors than does a system with a low value of this parameter. The researchers have used a similar concept to study reactivity for metal catalysts, but not for more complex structures, such as metal oxides.

To test their idea, the researchers examined—in different metal oxides—so-called hydrogen intercalation, a type of redox reaction that alters the host material’s properties. They found that they could use each oxide’s global connectivity to determine the strength of its hydrogen reactivity. The model-determined values for the various hydrogen-binding energies agree with experimental data and took mere seconds to obtain. The tool could thus allow scientists to rapidly develop and optimize novel materials to use in energy-storage applications.

–Rachel Berkowitz

Rachel Berkowitz is a Corresponding Editor for Physics Magazine based in Vancouver, Canada.

References

  1. E. V. Miu et al., “Global and local connectivities describe hydrogen intercalation in metal oxides,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 108001 (2023).

Subject Areas

Materials ScienceEnergy Research

Related Articles

Toward a Complete Theory of Crystal Vibrations
Materials Science

Toward a Complete Theory of Crystal Vibrations

A new set of equations captures the dynamical interplay of electrons and vibrations in crystals and forms a basis for computational studies. Read More »

Photovoltaic Effect Goes Symmetric
Energy Research

Photovoltaic Effect Goes Symmetric

A flower-petal pattern of light could induce electrical currents in a wider array of crystalline materials. Read More »

Nuclear Fusion Heats Up
Energy Research

Nuclear Fusion Heats Up

The observation of self-heating in magnetically confined plasmas represents a milestone on the road to fusion reactors based on such plasmas. Read More »

More Articles